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BOOKS ABOUT
BLACK HISTORY |
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Frederick Douglass
b. 2-14-c.1818; MD
d. 2-20-1895
Poster Text: "Strive earnestly to add to your knowledge. So long as you remain in ignorance, so long will you fail to command the respect of your fellow man."
Born into slavery, Frederick Douglass grew up to become a leader in the antislavery and women's rights movements. He was the first black citizen to hold a high rank in the United States government.
• more Frederick Douglass posters
• more Black History Biographical Timeline posters
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W. E. B. DuBois
b. 2-23-1868; Great Barrinton, MA
d. 8-27-1963; Ghana
Poster Text: “The problem of the twentieth century is the problem of the color line.”
A noted scholar, writer, educator, and activist, W. E. B. Dubois devoted his life to studying and addressing the social and economic condition of black people. He was admired by his contemporaries for fighting injustice and defending freedom.
• more W. E. B. Du Bois posters
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Paul Laurence Dunbar
b. 6-27-1872; Dayton, OH
d. 2-9-1906
Poster Text: Paul Laurence Dunbar was a prolific writer of poetry - in both the dialect of Southern blacks and standard English. He also wrote short stories and plays. Dunbar's work often addressed the difficulties encountered by blacks and their efforts to achieve equality in America. He was the first African-American writer to achieve a national reputation and to be accepted by both black and white audiences.
• more American Authors Biographical Timeline series
• more poetry posters
• "In Dahomey" poster
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Thurgood Marshall
b. 7-2-1908; Baltimore, Maryland
d. 1-24-1993
Poster Text: "A child born to a black mother in a state like Mississippi...has exactly the same rights as a white baby born to the wealthiest person in the United States... I challenge anyone to say it is not a goal worth working for."
A key figure in the 20th century civil rights struggle, Thurgood Marshall worked through the judicial system to erase the legacy of slavery and destroy the racist Jim Crow system.
• more Thurgood Marshall posters
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Rosa Parks
b. 2-4-1913; Tuskegee, AL
d. 10-24-2005; Detroit, MI
Poster Text: “I would like to be known as a person who is concerned about freedom and equality and justice and prosperity for all people.”
Described by some as “the mother of the civil rights movement,” Rosa Parks is best known for being arrested for refusing to give her seat to a white man on a racially segregated Montgomery, AL., bus. Her action led to a successful 380-day boycott of Montgomery buses and a Supreme Court ruling against segregation.
• more Rosa Parks posters
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Harriet Tubman
b. c 1820; Dorchester Co. MD
d. 1913; NY
Poster Text: “I had reasoned this out in my mind, there was one of two things I had a right to, liberty or death; if I could not have one, I would have the other."
Harriet Tubman devoted her life to fighting slavery, helping slaves and ex-slaves, and championing the rights of African Americans and women. She served as a conductor on the Underground Railroad, a secret system of people of all races who helped slaves escape to freedom. An extremely brave person, Tubman was called the “Moses of her people.”
• more Harriet Tubman posters
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Sojourner Truth
b. c 1797, NY
d. 11-26-1883; Battle Creek, MI
Poster Text: “I was to travel up and down the land, showing people their sins, and being a sign unto them.”
Sojourner Truth was an outspoken advocate of women's rights and black freedom. A riveting speaker and preacher, she made a lasting impression everywhere she spoke. During her legendary life, she challenged injustice wherever she saw it. Sojourner Truth was one of the first people in the country to link the oppression of black slaves with the oppression of women.
• more Sojourner Truth posters
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Booker T. Washington
b. 4-5-c. 1855; Virginia
d. 11-14-1915; Alabama
Poster Text: "I have learned that success is to be measured not so much by the position that one has reached in life as by the obstacles which he has overcome while trying to succeed."
Born into slavery, Booker T. Washington went on to become the foremost black educator and leader of his time. He was also the founder of Tuskegee Institute, one of the leading African-American educational institutions in America. Washington steadfastly maintained that economic independence was the way to achieve social equality.
• more Booker T. Washington posters
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Malcolm X
b. 5-19-1925; Omaha, NE
d. 2-21-1965, NYC
Poster Text: "...I believe in human beings, and that all human beings should be respected as such, regardless of ther color."
A charismatic black leader, Malcolm X was the most effective speaker and organizer for the Nation of Islam. He rejected integration and racial equality, calling instead for black separatism, race pride, and black nationalism. After a life-altering pilgrimage to Mecca, Malcolm X changed his separatist views, envisioning instead reconciliation between the races and world brotherhood.
• more Malcolm X posters
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The Buffalo Soldiers
The 9th and 10th Cavalries protected stage and mail routes, built and maintained forts, mapped vast areas of the Southwest, strung hundreds of miles of telegraph lines, and established law and order in an area full of outlaws, Mexican revolutionaries, and hostile Native Americans. During their 25 yearsof service, 23 Buffalo Soldiers were awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor for their bravery in battle.
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The Plains Indians nicknamed the black cavalrymen Buffalo Soldiers - a title the troopers proudly accepted. To be associated with the fighting spirit of the Indian's sacred buffalo was a measure of respect.
The Buffalo Soldiers consistently received some of the worst assignments the Army had to offer and repeatedly faced fierce prejudice. Despite this, the 9th and 10th Cavalries fought with great dedication and courage and developed into two of the most effective and distinguished fighting units in the Army.
• Black Military History posters
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The Tuskegee Airmen
Poster Text: Before the Air Force shattered the sound barrier, these airmen shattered the race barrier.
This distinguished group of black combat pilots trained at a segregated base in Tuskegee, Alabama. The Tuskegee Airmen flew more than 15,000 sorties in World War II, providing fighter escort to bombing missions over strategic targets in Europe. They never lost an escorted bomber to enemy fighters - an unsurpassed combat claim - and took home more than 150 Distinguished Flying Cross medals.
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