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Clara Maass
b. 6-28-1876; East Orange, NJ
d. 8-24-1901; Cuba
Clara Maass was a nurse with the U.S. Army whose nursing duties were mostly providing care for soldiers suffering from infectious diseases like typhoid, malaria, dengue and yellow fever. Maass volunteered twice to be biten by a yellow fever infected mosquito; the first bite resulted in a mild case, she died the second time.
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Mary Eliza Mahoney |
Mary Eliza Mahoney
b. 5-7-1845; Dorchester, MA
d. 1-4-1926; (breast cancer)
Mary Eliza Mahoney worked for fifteen years at the New England Hospital for Women and Children as a cook, janitor, washerwoman and unofficial nurse's assistant before being admitted as a student into the nursing program, and becoming the first African American registered nurse in the U.S. In 1908, she co-founded the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses (NACGN) with Adah B. Thoms.
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Bridget “Biddy” Mason
b. 8-15-1818; Hancock County, GA
d. 1-15-1891; Los Angeles, CA
“Biddy” Mason, born into slavery, was a skilled nurse and midwife. She is best remembered for walking the two thousand miles she traveled with her owners, eventually getting to the free state of California. She won her freedom in a Los Angeles courtroom in 1856 - even though the law did not allow people of color to speak in open court. As a free woman she became fluent in Spanish, saved her money, and helped anyone who was in need. She also bought property and became a wealthy woman. In 1872 she founded the First African Methodist Episcopal Church of Los Angeles. And because the public school was not open to blacks, she provided the money to start the city's first school for African-Americans. (based on book description)
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Lise Meitner
b. 11-17-1878; Vienna, Austria
d. 10-27-1968; Cambridge
Lise Meitner was part of the team that discovered nuclear fission, an achievement for which her colleague Otto Hahn was awarded the Nobel Prize (1944). Meitner exclusion by the Nobel committee is one of the most glaring examples of women's scientific achievement overlooked.
Element 109, Meitnerium (Mt), is named in her honor.
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Ynes Mexia
b. 5-24-1870; Washington, DC
d. 7-12-1938; Berkeley, CA
Botanist Ynes Mexia travels led her to collect thousands of specimens in Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Peru, and at Mt. McKinley.
The daughter of a Mexican diplomat and American mother, Ynes was educated in the US and Canada, eventually becoming a social worker in San Francisco. While a student at Berkeley she took trips with the Sierra Club and became interested in the natural world.
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Maria Mitchell
b. 8-1-1818; Nantucket, MA
d. 6-28-1889; Lynn, MA
Maria Mitchell, who became the first woman member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1848 and of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1850, first gained international attention for discovering a comet (Comet 1847 VI or C/1847 T1) in the fall of 1847 and winning a prize offered by King Frederich VI of Denmark.
Mitchell later worked at the U.S. Nautical Almanac Office and in 1865 became professor of astronomy at Vassar College, the first person (male or female) appointed to the faculty; she was also named as Director of the Vassar College Observatory. When Mitchell learned that despite her tenure, reputation and experience, her salary was less than many younger male professors, she insisted on a salary increase, and got it.
FYI - Mitchell, who was a distant cousin of Benjamin Franklin, also travelled to Europe with Nathaniel Hawthorne and his family.
• Maria Mitchell in Women of Science composite poster
• Maria Mitchell: A Life in Journals and Letters
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