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Odd Jobs
Odd Jobs





BOOKS ABOUT COMPUTERS & COMPUTER CAREERS

The Best Computer Jobs in America
The Best Computer
Jobs in America:
20 Minutes from Home

Fire in the Valley
Fire in the Valley:
The Making
of the
Personal Computer

Wizards of the Internet
Where Wizards
Stay Up Late:
Origins of the Internet

Startup: A Silicon Valley Adventure
Startup:
A Silicon Valley
Adventure

The Cathedral and the Bazaar
The Cathedral
and the Bazaar:
Musing on Linux &
Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary



Teacher's Best - The Creative Process

People, Devices and Events in the Development of Computers -
for the social studies, science, and vocational education classroom, school guidance counselor.

social studies > internet > COMPUTER HISTORY | computers < vocational education < science


Allegory of Arithmetic, from "Margarita Philosophica," 1504, Giclee Print
Allegory of Arithmetic, from “Margarita Philosophica,” 1504,
Giclee Print

Compute: from the Latin computare: to consider, and computer, the mechanical means of manipulating data according to a set of instructions.

The earliest mechanical calculating devices include the abacus, the astrolabe and the Antikythera Mechanism



Calculating rods invented by John Napier, 1617 (wood), Giclee Print
Calculating rods invented by John Napier, 1617 (wood), Giclee Print

Mathematician John Napier developed an acabus, or calculating rods, for simplifying multiplication and division problems into simpler addition and subtraction calculations. They are popularly known as Napier's Bones.

John Napier: Logarithm John


Calculating Machine invented by Blaise Pascal 1644, Giclee Print
Calculating Machine,
invented by Pascal 1644,
Giclee Print

French mathematician Blaise Pascal constructed a mechanical calculator for addition and subtraction, called the Pascaline. Because of its expense, the Pascaline never became more than a status symbol and toy.


Computer, Inventions that Changed the World, Poster
The Computer,
Inventions that Changed the World, Poster

The Computer
Inventions that Changed
the World -

Most people think of the computer as a fairly recent invention. But the first “computers” were actually built hundreds of years ago!

Many experts say the very first computing device ever made was the abacus, which was in use more than 2,000 years ago. In 1642, the mathematician Blaise Pascal invented a device that used gears and dials to solve complex addition problems. But the true “father” of the modern computer was a brilliant math teacher from England named Charles Babbage. Babbage, who is shown here, designed a machine in 1833 that was more than a century ahead of its time. He called his machine a “difference engine,” and it performed long mathematical calculations. Then he thought up and designed a machine that would perform even harder calculations. He called it an “analytical engine.” It stored information in a “memory” and was operated by means of cards with holes punched in them. But it was so complicated that the best engineers of the time could not build it.

The next great advance in computers was the construction of ENIAC –the Electrical Numerical Intergrator and Calculator – in 1946. ENIAC was the first general-purpose electronic digital computer. Altogether, it was 100 feet long and teen feet tall, and it weighted 30 tons. In the 1970s, the introduction of the microchip helped reduce the size of computers. Thanks to microchips, today's desktop computers can do much more than the room-sized ENIAC, and they can do thing many times faster.

Today, it is hard to imagine a world without computers. Computers are used in many simple, everyday routines, from making a telephone call, to going thorough supermarket checkout line, to putting money in a bank account. And more complicated activities, such as operating weapons systems, controlling air traffic, and monitoring surgical procedures, are also dependent on computers. Computer networking allows for nearly instantaneous worldwide communications and access to information. And computers have speeded up innovations in nearly every field.

• more “Inventions that Changed the World” posters


Technician Manipulating 1 of Hundreds of Dials on Panel of IBM's Room Size Eniac Computer, Photographic Print
Technician Manipulating One of Hundreds of Dials on Panel of IBM's ENIAC Computer,
Photographic Print

ENIAC is short for Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer. ENIAC, designed by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert, was a room size computer built to calculate artillery firing table. It was completed in 1946 at the cost of nearly $500,000.00


Mark III / TIME Magazine Cover, Jan 23, 1950
Mark III
TIME Magazine
Jan 23, 1950

The Mark III was the first computer to appear on TIME cover.


Computer in Society / TIME Magazine Cover, April 10, 1965
Computer in Society / TIME Magazine
April 10, 1965

The Computer Society / TIME Magazine Cover, Feb 20, 1978
The Computer Society
TIME Magazine
Feb 20, 1978


Computer, Machine of the Year / TIME Magazine Cover, Jan 3, 1983
Computer, Machine
of the Year /
TIME Magazine Cover, Jan 3, 1983

Are Too Many Jobs Going Overseas / TIME Magazine Cover, March 1, 2004
Are Too Many
Jobs Going Overseas /
TIME Magazine Cover,
March 1, 2004


Global Computer Networking, Photographic Print
Global Computer Networking,
Photographic Print

Computers and Numbers Representing World Wide Web, Photographic Print
Computers and Numbers Representing World Wide Web, Photographic Print

numbers posters
mandala posters
• more networking posters

Women of Science - Grace Hopper poster
Grace Hopper
Women of Science - poster

Grace Hopper, Computer Scientist
b. 12-9-1906, NYC
d. 1-1-1992, Arlington, VA

• more Grace Hopper posters
“Women of Science” poster series


Portrait of Augusta Ada Byron, Countess of Lovelace, Giclee Print
Augusta Ada Byron, Countess of Lovelace,
Giclee Print

Augusta Ada Byron, Countess of Lovelace
b. 12-10-1815; England
d. 11-27-1852

Ada Lovelace was the only legitimate daughter of Lord Byron. She received early training as a mathematician and is considered to have written the first computer program in her correspondence with Charles Babbage about his early mechanical general-purpose computer, the analytical engine.

Ada, Countess of Lovelace


Alan Turing, mousepad
Alan Turing,
mousepad

Alan Turing
b. 6-23-1912; London, England
d. 6-7-1954

Mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst and computer scientist Alan Turing was highly influential in the development of computer science with his description of a theoretical device, the “Turing machine”, that would play a significant role understanding the limitations of mechanical computing.

During World War II Turing “devised a number of techniques for breaking German ciphers, including the method of the bombe, an electromechanical machine that could find settings for the Enigma machine.”

The Annotated Turing: A Guided Tour Through Alan Turing's Historic Paper on Computability and the Turing Machine


Flatland, a Romance of Many Dimensions, Edwin Abbott, Giclee Print
Cover of “Flatland
A Romance of
Many Directions”
Giclee Print

Flatland, A Romance of Many Dimensions (illustrations by the Author, A SQUARE), written in 1884 by Edwin Abbot, is still considered an excellent source of inspiration for computer and mathematical students.


Steve Jobs / TIME Magazine Cover, Feb 15, 1982
Steve Jobs / TIME Magazine Cover,
Feb 15, 1982

Steve Jobs
b. 2-24-1955; SF, CA.

Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak cofounded Apple Computer, Inc. (now Apple, Inc.) in the late 1970s. Apple designs and manufactures consumer electronics and software such as Macintosh computers, the iPod and the iPhone; and Mac OS X operating system, iTunes, iLife, iWork, and Final Cut Pro.

Apple Computer Chairman Steve Jobs with New Lisa Computer During Press Preview, Photographic Print
Apple Computer
Chairman Steve Jobs
with New Lisa Computer
During Press Preview,
Photographic Print

Currently (mid 2009) Jobs is on health leave from Apple.

Apple iMac MB418LL/A 24-Inch Desktop
Apple iMac MB418LL/A 24-Inch Desktop

Apple, fruit poster
Adam & Eve print

IBM's John Opel / TIME Magazine Cover, July 11, 1983
John Opel /
TIME Magazine Cover,
July 11, 1983

John Opel
b. 1925; Kansas City, MO

John R. Opel was president and CEO of IBM (International Business Machines) that chose Bill Gates MS-DOS for their operating system.


Bill Gates / TIME Magazine Cover, April 16, 1984
Bill Gates / TIME Magazine Cover,
April 16, 1984

Bill Gates
b. 10-28-1955; Seattle, WA

Bill Gates is chairman of Microsoft, a company he founded with Paul Allen, in 1975.


Netscape's Marc Andreessen / TIME Magazine Cover, Feb 19, 1996
Netscape's Marc Andreessen /
TIME Magazine Cover,
Feb 19, 1996

Marc Andreessen
b. 7-9-1971; Cedar Rapids, IA

Marc Andreessen is software engineer best known as co-author of Mosaic, the first widely-used web browser, and founder of Netscape Communications Corporation.


Steve Case / TIME Magazine Cover, Sept 27, 1997
Steve Case /
TIME Magazine Cover,
Sept 27, 1997

Steve Case
b. 8-21-1958; Honolulu, HI

Steve Case was the co-founder and former chief executive officer and chairman of America Online (AOL).


Andrew Grove, Man of the Year / TIME Magazine Cover, Dec 29, 1997
Andrew Grove,
Man of the Year /
TIME Magazine Cover,
Dec 29, 1997

Andrew Grove
b. 9-2-1936; Budapest, Hungary

Andrew Grove, businessman and scientist, was one of the earliest employees of Intel Corporation and played key leadership roles in its success.


Jeff Bezos- Person of the Year / TIME Magazine Cover, Dec 27, 1999
Jeff Bezos-
Person of the Year /
TIME Magazine Cover,
Dec 27, 1999

Jeff Bezos
b. 1-12-1964; Albuquerque, NM

Jeff Bezos is the founder, president, CEO and board chairman of Amazon.com

• attended Montessori school


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