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Cow’s Skull with Calico Roses
Georgia O'Keeffe
b. 11-15-1887; Wisconsin
d. 3-6-1986
Poster Text: About the Artist
Georgia O'Keeffe is considered to be one of the greatest American artists of the century. And she may be the most well-known woman painter in history. During her long career, she worked in many differnt styles. But she is especially best remembered for the beautiful and haunting landscapes she painted of the desert in New Mexico. Georgia O'Keeffe was born a long way from the desert in Sun Prairie, Wisconsin. She decided very early in her life that she wanted to be an artist, and she studied art in Chicago and New York. While she was teaching art in Texas, a friend showed some of her drawings to the photographer Alfred Stieglitz. Stiegletz displayed the works in his New York gallery, and in 1924 he and Georgia O'Keeffe wer married. In 1946 O'Keeffe moved to New Mexico where she painted some of her most memorable works – landscapes featuring animal bones, dry mountains, and delicate flowers. Often she painted extreme close up views of thes objects turning them into lovely abstractiosnl Georgia O'Keeffe was fiercely independent and she lived alone in the desert until her death at the age of 98.
About the Painting
“Cow's Skull with Calico Roses” was painted in 1931, when Georgia O'Keeffe was at the peak of her creative powers. O'Keefe had spent the summer of 1929 at a small ranch house in the desert near Taos. New Mexico. At the end of the summer, she shipped a barrel of old animal bones back to her studio in New York. With the scenery of the desert still fresh in her mind, she set to work on a series of paintings featuring bones, sky, and barren ground. Among these was the lonely painting “Cow's Skull with Calico Roses”. For Georgia O'Keeffe, bones were an symbol of the desert. And the calico roses, which people of the Southwest used to decorate graves, were a symbol of death. The whole mood of the painting, with its pale colors broken only by a black gash down the center, suggest sadness or grief. But the painting also shows the two “sides” of the desert O'Keeffe loved so deeply – harshness, represented by the sun-bleached skull, and fragile beauty, ... by the delicate white roses.
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Georgia O’Keeffe painted Pedernal (9,862 ft), a flat topped butte in the Jemez Mountains of northern New Mexico, many times. The word 'pedernal' means 'flint' in Spanish, the name recognizing the local Native American's source of stone to make arrowheads, knives, spearpoints and and scrapers. • mountain posters
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As O'Keeffe grew older she became fascinated by the view of clouds from airplanes.
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Georgia O'Keeffe quotes:
• “I know now that most people are so closely concerned with themselves that they are not aware of their own individuality. I can see myself, and it has helped me to say what I want to say...in paint.”
• “To create one's own world in any of the arts takes courage.”
• “I decided that if I could paint that flower in a huge scale, you could not ignore its beauty.”
• “Nobody sees a flower really; it is so small. We haven't time, and to see takes time - like to have a friend takes time.”
• “When you take a flower in your hand and really look at it, it's your world for the moment. I want to give that world to someone else. Most people in the city rush around so, they have no time to look at a flower. I want them to see it whether they want to or not.”
• “I feel there is something unexplored about woman that only a woman can explore.”
• “I found I could say things with color and shapes that I couldn't say any other way - things I had no words for.”
• “I've been absolutely terrified every moment of my life - and I've never let it keep me from doing a single thing I wanted to do.”
• “Marks on paper are free - free speech - press - pictures all go together I suppose.”
• “Singing has always seemed to me the most perfect means of expression. It is so spontaneous. And after singing, I think the violin. Since I cannot sing, I paint.”
• “Sun-bleached bones were most wonderful against the blue - that blue that will always be there as it is now after all man's destruction is finished.”
• “The days you work are the best days.”
• “You get whatever accomplishment you are willing to declare.”
• “I don't very much enjoy looking at paintings in general. I know too much about them. I take them apart.”
Georgia O’Keeffe
Georgia O’Keeffe was born November 15, 1887, the daughter of Francis and Ida Ten Eyck Totto O’Keeffe. She was the second of seven children and grew up on a dairy farm in Sun Prairie, Wisconsin.
As a child Georgia like working with her hands, making a doll house and doll clothes that lent itself to the solitary play she preferred. She and her sisters were able to study art with lessons on perspective and shading with a neighbor and then study watercolor painting with another local artist. When she was thirteen she told a neighbor she wanted to be an artist.
Georgia O’Keeffe studied art at the Chicago Institute of Art, the Art Students League of New York, and Columbia Teachers College. It was during her New York studies she met photographer Alfred Stieglitz and the beginning of a legendary love affair and marriage.
Stieglitz and O’Keeffe married in December 1924. He was her most avid supporter and mentor, she his most famous photographic subject. They shared their time between New York City and his family home in Lake George, NY.
Best known for her giant flowers, red deserts and bones, O’Keeffe’s search for meaning and beauty brought new forms, surfaces and colors into consciousness.
O’Keeffe died on March 6, 1986, at the age of 98 and her ashes were spread on the top of the Pedernal Mountain in her beloved New Mexico.
Read more about Georgia O’Keeffe
Sunflower by Georgia O’Keeffe -
Georgia O’Keeffe Museum - opened in summer 1997 in Santa Fe, presenting works from all periods of the artist’s long career. Providing a remarkable virtual tour through the museum, this beautiful clothbound volume with French folded jacket features essays by leading art writers.
Portrait of an Artist: Georgia O’Keeffe by Laurie Lisle - Georgia O’Keeffe, one of the most original painters America has ever produced, left behind a remarkable legacy when she died at the age of ninety-eight. Her vivid visual vocabulary – sensuous flowers, bleached bones against red sky and earth – had a stunning, profound, and lasting influence on American art in this century.
Georgia O’Keeffe at Ghost Ranch: A Photo Essay by John Loengard - The vast landscape of New Mexico won the heart of American artist Georgia O’Keeffe on her first visit there in 1917, and the open sky, parched earth, and bleached white bones she found there soon became the prominent subjects of her paintings. She granted John Loengard, a photographer for Life magazine, the rare opportunity to photograph her in her home at Ghost Ranch in 1966. Fifty of the black-and-white photographs he took that day fill this 79-page, small-format hardcover and form a classic record of a day in the life of an eminent yet elusive artist. Quotes by O’Keeffe about New Mexico and brief biographies of the painter and Loengard add extra dimension to the images.
Georgia O’Keeffe: A Life by Roxana Robinson - Georgia O’Keeffe is arguably the twentieth century's leading woman artist. Coming of age along with American modernism, her life was filled with intense relationships - with family, friends, and especially noted photographer Alfred Stieglitz. Her struggle between the rigorous demands of love and work resulted in extraordinary accomplishments. Her often-eroticized flowers, bones, stones, skulls and pelvises became extremely well known to a broad American public. New York Times Book Review named Roxana Robinson’s biography as a Notable Book of 1989.
O’Keeffe at Abiquiu by Myron Wood - intimate look at O’Keeffe through text and photos gives us a better look at this complicated artist.
Stieglitz: A Memoir/Biography by Alfred Stieglitz - A tireless exponent of the avant-garde and of photography as a fine art, as well as a consummate photographer in his own right, Alfred Stieglitz was both the embodiment of rebellious New York modernism and an oddly domestic man who retained a lifelong attachment to his family's country estate. In Stieglitz: A Memoir/Biography, author Sue Davidson Lowe, Stieglitz's grand-neice, presents the man in all of his complexity, tracing his background and revealing the interplay between his character and his multifaceted career. She offers new insight into Stieglitz's relationships with artists such as Marin, Hartley, Dove, Steichen, and O'Keefe; his pioneering promotion of Europe's most radical artists through the Photo-Secession group and the 291 gallery; and his creation of some of our century's most enduring photographic images. Gracefully weaving personal reminiscence and verifiable fact as she lucidly interweaves Stieglitz's career with his personal life, Lowe presents a uniquely compelling and intimate portrait of a hugely influential, hugely enigmatic American artist.
Moon Handbooks: New Mexico - In Stephen Metzger's updated and revised Moon Handbooks New Mexico, travelers are given all the details they need to experience the culture and beauty of America's fifth largest state. From an insider's tour of Santa Fe artisan shops to skiing the Sangre de Christos to whitewater rafting the Rio Grande, Metzger provides information on all that New Mexico has to offer. Travelers can experience a range of recreational opportunities -- hiking, biking, camping, golf, boating, skiing, and more -- in the state's many parks and wilderness areas. Albuquerque, Santa Fe, Taos, and Las Cruces are full of cultural enjoyment, excellent food, a wide range of accommodations and shopping opportunities, and works of art -- particularly painting, pottery, textiles and jewelry. The three major players in the development of New Mexico -- Native Americans, the Spanish, and Mexicans -- continue to strongly influence the state, offering a rich tableau of historical sites and a look into unique cultures and traditions that are a thousand years old. Insightful, distinctive, and informative.
LINKS FOR LEARNING: GEORGIA O’KEEFFE
- Georgia O’Keeffe Museum - is located in Santa Fe, New Mexico, with a collection of over 2990 works comprises 1149 O’Keeffe paintings, drawings, and sculpture is dedicated to perpetuating the artistic legacy of Georgia O’Keeffe and to the study and interpretation of American modernism. The Museum’s collections, exhibitions, research center, publications, and education programs contribute to scholarly discourse and serve diverse audiences.
- Georgia O’Keeffe Museum - Permanent Collection
- Georgia O’Keeffe - biography, images - non-commercial, personal website to be used for educational or research purposes only.
- Georgia O’Keeffe - National Gallery of Art - The mission of the National Gallery of Art is to serve the United States of America in a national role by preserving, collecting, exhibiting, and fostering the understanding of works of art, at the highest possible museum and scholarly standards.
- National Gallery of Art- Alfred Stieglitz and His New York Galleries
- Lesson Plan, Georgia O’Keeffe
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