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Trees & Forests Posters, Prints, Charts, Photographs & Calendars
for science and social studies educators and home schoolers
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science > biology > botany > TREES & FORESTS > rainforests < ecology < geography < social studies | list of state trees
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A tree is a large, long-lived woody plant, usually with a main central stem called a trunk, supporting secondary branches, twigs and leaves; the tree roots are generally embedded in the ground, the outermost layer of the stems and roots are covered with bark. Examples of plants classified as trees that don't have every characteristic are palms without branches, tree ferns that don't produce bark, and saguaro cactus without leaves; bamboo with many tree characteristics are considered grass rather than trees, shrubs are woody plants having multiple stems and smaller stature.
A small group of trees together are called groves or copses; forests are dense growth of trees; orchards are intentional planting of trees for food production. The word “forest” was a legal term from the Latin foresta and foris=‘outside’, which was first used in medieval Europe to refer to royal game preserves, places that were off limits to everyone except the aristocracy.
Forestry is the cultivation of trees and products related to trees. The term silviculture, specifically refers to the growing and tending of trees and forests. William Penn received the grant of land that was called Penn's Wood, or Pennsylvania.
Biomes, or environments, predominated by trees are rainforests with a high annual rainfall in tropical and temperate zones; taigas & boreal are coniferous forests covering the most northern reaches of North America, Europe, and Asia below the Arctic Circle; transition zones with a scattering of trees between grasslands and forests are called savannahs.
Wood from trees have been used for millenia as fuel, as lumber in construction of buildings, in transportation, art, tools, and weapons; paper is a product of trees.
• “A society grows great when old men plant trees in whose shade they know they shall never it.” ~ Greek Proverb
• “Accept the children the way we accept trees – with gratitude, because they are a blessing – but do not have expectations or desires. You don’t expect trees to change, you love them as they are.” ~ Isabel Allende
• “To dwellers in a wood almost every species of tree has its voice as well as its feature. At the passing of the breeze the fir-trees sob and moan no less distinctly than they rock; the holly whistles as it battles with itself; the ash hisses amid its quiverings; the beech rustles while its flat boughs rise and fall.” ~ Thomas Hardy
• “Storms make the oak grow deeper roots.” George Herbert
• “I... thanked the Author of my being for the gift of that wild forest, those green mansions where I had found so great a happiness!” ~ Elbert Hubbard
• “A tree is cut down in five minutes, but it takes fifty years to grow the tree. That is approximately the relation between technocratic destruction and ecological rebuilding.” ~ Friedensreich Hundertwasser
• “I think that I shall never see, A poem lovely as a tree. ...” ~ Joyce Kilmer
• “It's the little things citizens do. That's what will make the difference. My little thing is planting trees.” ~ Wangari Maathai
• “The improvement of forest trees is the work of centuries. So much more the reason for beginning now.” ~ George Perkins Marsh
• “Trees with deep roots grow tall.” ~ Frederic Mistral
• “I think that I shall never see, A billboard lovely as a tree, /Indeed, unless the billboards fall, I'll never see a tree at all.” ~ Ogden Nash
• “By reading Huckleberry Finn I felt I was able to justify my act of going into the mountain forest at night and sleeping among the trees with a sense of security which I could never find indoors.” ~ Kenzaburo Oe
• “Being a woman has only bothered me in climbing trees.” ~ Frances Perkins
• “Education forms the common mind. Just as the twig is bent, the tree's inclined.” ~ Alexander Pope
• “Shake the Tree of Life itself and bring down fruits unheard of.” ~ Edwin Arlington Robinson
• “It is not so much for its beauty that the forest makes a claim upon men's hearts, as for that subtle something, that quality of air that emanation from old trees, that so wonderfully changes and renews a weary spirit.” ~ Robert Louis Stevenson
• “Emancipation from the bondage of the soil is no freedom for the tree.” ~ Rabindranath Tagore
• “Trees are Earth's endless effort to speak to the listening heaven.” ~ Rabindranath Tagore
• “On pavements and the bark of trees I have found whole worlds.” ~ Mark Tobey
• “The improvement of forest trees is the work of centuries. So much more the reason for beginning now.” ~ George Perkins Marsh
• “In nature, nothing is perfect and everything is perfect. Trees can be contorted, bent in weird ways, and they're still beautiful.” ~ Alice Walker
• “Give fools their gold, and knaves their power; let fortune's bubbles rise and fall; who sows a field, or trains a flower, or plants a tree, is more than all.” ~ John Greenleaf Whittier
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Anatomy of a Tree
The extraordinary solar-powered machines called trees perform a function that is essential for nearly all life on Earth. They create most of the oxygen we breathe, while also absorbing toxins that would otherwise enter the atmosphere. Providing habitat for innumerable creatures, trees are a vital like in many different ecosystems, from tropical rainforests to the temperate forest of the north. Whether in our backyards or in the world's remaining wild places, the health and proliferation of trees are essential to sustaining a living planet. ... PHOTOSYNTHESIS, CONIFER V. BROADLEAF, SECTIONS OF A TREE ...
• more anatomy posters
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Rainforests
Poster Text: Rainforests are the richest environments on Earth and the most ancient ecosystem, they serve as the “gene pool” for the world. One-fifth of all birds and plants evolved in the Amazon basin. An estimated 50 percent of all plants and animal species live in tropical rainforests.
Two-third of all flowering plants are found in the world's tropical rainforests.
A quarter of all the medicines we use come from the rainforest plants.
Rainforest play major role in regulating our atmosphere. Vast amounts of carbon dioxide, a pollutant that contributes to the greenhouse effect, are absorbed during photosynthesis and stored as carbon in the tree's tissues.
• more rainforest posters
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Forest Biomes - Coniferous, Deciduous, Rainforest
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Photographer Ansel Adams, known for his skillful fusion of dramatic contrasts, was a conservationist who used his photos to promote the balance between people and nature.
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Birch bark was used to make utilitarian objects like bags, baskets, boxes, canoes, even writing surfaces. In fact, Thomas Jefferson instructed Meriwether Lewis that one of his copies of field notes should “be on the paper of the birch, as less liable to injury from damp than common paper.”
FYI - Removing only the outer layer of bark from a birch may not kill it, but it will weaken the tree; removal of the inner bark will always kill the tree.
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Decorative Page Showing Fruit Trees and Ways to Cultivate Them
• fruit posters
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An arbor is a shelter of vines, branches, or latticework covered with climbing shrubs or vines.
On February 12, 1824 the settlement of John Allen and Elisha Rumsey was registered as AnnArbour in honor of their wives and the shelters of grape vines in the vicinity. Michigan posters
Arbor Day is a nationally-celebrated observance that encourages tree planting and care.
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Bamboo, a “woody perennial evergreen plant in the true grass family”, is the fastest growing woody plant in the world.
Bamboo is used as building material, food, medicine, papermaking, fiber for clothing, and as ornament in gardens. Bamboo is also the major food of panda bears.
In Japan, bamboo groves surround Shinto temples as a barrier against evil.
Bamboo Flute
Bamboo Flooring
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A banyan is a spreading tropical fig tree that propagates from seeds dropped by bird. The seeds will sprout where they land and send out aerial roots that develop into additional trunks.
The banyan tree, considered sacred in Hinduism, represents eternal life because of its expanding branches; it is also the national tree of India.
The word “banyan” is from the Portugese banian, which meant “the place where merchants gathered”.
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Baobabs, sometimes known as the “upside-down” tree are the national tree of Madagascar and are found on mainland Africa and Australia as well.
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The Cedars of Lebanon is an ancient forest that was once the source of timber for the Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Phoenicians, and Egyptians. Several verses from the Bible mention the Cedars - “The righteous flourish like the palm tree and grow like the cedar in Lebanon.” (Psalm 92:12)
The “Cedars of God” (34º14'37"N 36º2'54"E) were added to the UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1998.
FYI ~ in Mesopotamian mythology the Cedar Forest is the glorious realm of the gods where Gilgamesh dares to cut down virgin trees during his quest for immortality (tablet 4-6).
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The ginkgo, also known as Maidenhair Tree, is considered a “living fossil”, and has no known living relatives. Ginkgo provides for both food and medicinal uses.
Long cultivated in China, some ginkgo trees planted at temples are believed to be over 1,500 years old.
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The palm family of flowering plants, mostly distinguished by their large, compound, evergreen leaves arranged at the top of an unbranched stem have habitats ranging from deserts to rainforests.
Date Palms were cultivated in Mesopotamia and in the Middle East more than 5000 years ago; the palm is mentioned in the Bible 30 times, and in the Quran 22 times.
Christianity celebrates Palm Sunday with using date palm fronds.
Other products from palms include food coconuts, palm oil, bananas, heart of palm; building materials like rattan, raffia, coir from coconuts for items like mats, and palm leaves are used as thatch for roof covering and to weave baskets.
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The rubber tree is of major economic importance because its sap - known as latex - is the primary source of natural rubber.
The rubber tree is also the source of parawood valued for its qualities suitable in furniture making and its “environmentally friendly” harvesting, as it comes from trees that have been cut down at the end of their latex-producing cycle.
• Brazil posters
• Tears of the Tree: The Story of Rubber--A Modern Marvel
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The Strawberry tree is indigenous to the Mediterranean region and western France to western Ireland.
Known in Spain as the madroño, it is a symbol of Madrid along with the bear.
FYI - The fruit's shape only reminds one of strawberries.
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This wooden fishing boat was built by 60 people in 100 days, WW2, Topsham Shipyard, 1944.
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science > biology > botany > TREES & FORESTS > rainforests
< ecology < geography < social studies | list of state trees
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