Notable Psychology & Psychiatrists Posters “B...-”
for classrooms, homeschoolers and professional offices.

Notable psychologists and psychiatrists ~

Bruno Bettelheim
b. 8-26-1903; Vienna, Austria
d. 3-13-1990; Silver Spring, MD

Child psychologist and writer Bruno Bettelheim had also spent time in Dachau and Buchenwald concentration camps.

Bruno Bettelheim quotes ~
• “The child intuitively comprehends that although these stories are unreal, they are not untrue ...” ~ The Uses of Enchantment: the Meaning and Importance of Fairy Tales
• “A parent who respects himself will feel no need to demand or command respect from his child, since he feels no need for the child’s respect to buttress his security as a parent or as a person. Secure in himself, he will not feel his authority threatened and will accept it when his child sometimes shows a lack of respect for him, as young children, in particular, are apt to do. The parent’s self-respect tells him that such displays arise from immaturity of judgment, which time and experience will eventually correct.”

Alfred Binet
b. 7-11-1857; Nice, France
d. 10-18-1911

Afred Binet was the inventor of the first usable intelligence test, known today as IQ (intelligence quotient).

Alfred Binet quotes ~
• “Comprehension, inventiveness, direction, and criticism: intelligence is contained in these four words.”
• “Our purpose is to be able to measure the intellectual capacity of a child who is brought to us in order to know whether he is normal or retarded. ... We do not attempt to establish or prepare a prognosis and we leave unanswered the question of whether this retardation is curable, or even improveable. We shall limit ourselves to ascertaining the truth in regard to his present mental state.”
• “Some recent philosophers seem to have given their moral approval to these deplorable verdicts that affirm that the intelligence of an individual is a fixed quantity, a quantity that cannot be augmented. We must protest and react against this brutal pessimism; we will try to demonstrate that it is founded on nothing.”

Eugen Bleuler
b. 4-30-1857; Switzerland
d. 7-15-1939

Eugen Bleuler coined the word schizophrenia (Gk. schizein, to split and phren, mind). Bleuler was the director of Burgholzli Hospital where Carl Gustav Jung ran word association tests at the beginning of his career.

Bleuler, who had the neurological condition synesthesia where information from the sensory systems crosses over so an individual experiences one sensation as another – tasting colors, hearing numbers or seeing music, also treated Vaslav Nijinsky, after the dancers breakdown.

Bleuler was also the teacher of Hermann Rorschach who developed the “inkblot” test to examine personality.

Benjamin Bloom
b. 2-21-1913; Pennsylvania
d. 9-13-1999

Benjamin Bloom was an educational psychologist best remembered for his Bloom's Taxonomy classification of educational objectives - knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation - organized according to their cognitive complexity, and to the theory of mastery-learning.

Benjamin Bloom quotes ~
• “What we are classifying is the intended behavior of students — the ways in which individuals are to act, think, or feel as the result of participating in some unit of instruction.”
• “... a large part of what we call “good teaching” is the teacher's ability to attain affective objectives through challenging the students' fixed beliefs and getting them to discuss issues.”
• “The purpose of education and the schools is to change the thoughts, feelings and actions of students.”

André Breton
b. 2-19-1896; France
d. 9-28-1966

Writer and poet André Breton, who studied medicine and psychiatry, came to be best known as the principal founder of Surrealism. His writings include the Surrealist Manifesto of 1924, in which he defined surrealism as “Psychic automatism in its pure state, by which one proposes to express – verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other manner – the actual functioning of thought. Dictated by the thought, in the absence of any control exercised by reason, exempt from any aesthetic or moral concern.”

André Breton quotes ~
• “All my life, my heart has yearned for a thing I cannot name.”
• “I have always been amazed at the way an ordinary observer lends so much more credence and attaches so much more importance to waking events than to those occurring in dreams... Man... is above all the plaything of his memory.”
• “Everything tends to make us believe that there exists a certain point of the mind at which life and death, the real and the imagined, past and future, the communicable and the incommunicable, high and low, cease to be perceived as contradictions.”
• “Nothing retains less of desire in art, in science, than this will to industry, booty, possession.”
• “There is nothing with which it is so dangerous to take liberties as liberty itself.”
• “No one who has lived even for a fleeting moment for something other than life in its conventional sense and has experienced the exaltation that this feeling produces can then renounce his new freedom so easily.”
• “It is living and ceasing to live that are imaginary solutions. Existence is elsewhere.”
• “Of all those arts in which the wise excel, Nature's chief masterpiece is writing well.”

Jerome Bruner
b. 10-1-1915; New York

Jerome Bruner is an educational psychologist working in cognitive learning theory, basing his ideas on categorization.

Jerome Bruner quote ~
• “To perceive is to categorize, to conceptualize is to categorize, to learn is to form categories, to make decisions is to categorize.”

Richard Maurice Bucke
b. 3-18-1837; England
d. 2-19-1902; Canada

Dr. Richard Maurice Bucke, a progressive and humane superintendent of the Asylum for the Insane in Hamilton, Canada, is most remembered for his book Cosmic Consciousness (1901), and as biographer of poet Walt Whitman.

In Cosmic Consciousness Bucke described his 1872 experience of the universe as a living presence and his theory of three stages in the development of consciousness:

• the simple consciousness of animals;
  
• the self-consciousness of the mass of humanity (encompassing reason, imagination, etc.);
  
• and cosmic consciousness — an emerging faculty
  and the next stage of human development.

William James quoted Bucke in his Varieties of Religious Experience, and he is considered a part of the beginning of transpersonal psychology.

Bucke was portrayed in the 1990 movie Beautiful Dreamers.

Richard Maurice Bucke quote ~
• “...the universe is so built and ordered that without any peradventure all things work together for the good of each and all, that the foundation principle of the world is what we call love and that the happiness of every one is in the long run absolutely certain.”