The State of Alabama, known as the “Heart of Dixie” and the “Cotton State”, doesn't have an official nickname. Alabama joined the Union on December 14, 1819 as the 22nd state and was part of the Confederacy in the Civil War.
The name Alabama comes from a Native American tribe that lived in the region. Located in the East South Central Region, Alabama is bordered on the north by Tennessee, the east by Georgia, the south by Florida and the Gulf of Mexico, and the east by Mississippi.
The city of Tuscaloosa, Alabama is named for the Native American chief Tuskaloosa who was defeated by Ponce de Leon at the 1540 Battle of Mabila.
The Mississippian era archaeological site at Moundville, in west central Alabama, is the second largest mound complex in the U.S. (after Cahokia in Illinois). The 300 acre site was active around 1000 AD to 1450 AD with a population of 1000 people inside the bastions and an estimated 10,000 in the surrounding countryside.
Birmingham, the largest city in Alabama, was founded in 1871 and named after Birmingham, England which was at that time one of the major industrial cities of the world. The site Birmingham is notable for nearby deposits of iron ore, coal, and limestone, the three main raw materials used in making steel.
Mobile, the oldest city in Alabama, was founded in 1702 by the French as the first capital of colonial French Louisiana. Located on Mobile Bay off the Gulf of Mexico, Mobile is the only Alabama seaport.
Cotton, a soft, staple fiber that grows around the seeds of a plant native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, became the dominant crop in the South after Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin. Cotton required intensive labor that could be acquired by the enslavement of Africans.
Monarch butterflies feature an orange and black pattern on their wings, and are known for their lengthy and multigenerational migrations. Journey North is a global study of wildlife migration and seasonal change that engages students in field observations and connecting with classrooms across North America. The Monarch is also the Idaho, Illinois, and Texas state insect, and the state butterfly of Minnesota and West Virginia.
The Alabama State Mammal is the black bear, Ursus americanus, living primarily in southwestern counties of Baldwin, Mobile, and Washington. Reports of bears in northeast counties are thought to be transient from other southeastern states.
Battles of the Civil War Map from National Geographic shows battle sites with call-outs describing specific battles, dates, routes.
In Alabama:
The Confederate Government was established in Montgomery in February, 1861, with the adoption of a slightly modified United States Constitution. The Confederate capital moved to Richmond, VA, May 19, 1861.
Mobile Bay, the last Confederate port, was closed by Admiral David Farragut (1801-1870) in the thrilling naval action of August 5, 1864. Lashed in the rigging of his ship, he gave his famous “damn the torpedoes” command.
The “Alabama Claims” settlement with England involved 12 Confederate cruisers, which inflicted nearly $20,000,000 worth of damage on United States shipping. One cruiser, the ALABAMA, was destroyed by the U.S.S. KEARSARGE in a battle of Cherbourg, France, June 19, 1864. Another, the SHENANDOAH, ignorant of the collapse of the confederacy, fired the last shots of the Civil War at U.S. whalers in Alaskan waters, June 28, 1865.
Hank Williams b. 9-17-1923; Mount Olive, AL
d. 1-1-1953; enroute to performance
Singer-songwriter and musician Hank Williams, who is regarded as one of the most important country music artists of all time, learned to play guitar from a street musician, Rufe “Tee-Toot” Payne, in exchange for meals Hank's mother prepared.
The Great Depression, a father who was hospitalized, and an undiagnosed case of mild but painful spina bifida occulta, made Hank's childhood stressful.
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Tuskaloosa
