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El Salvador & Salvadoran Culture Posters, Art Prints, Charts, & Maps
for social studies classrooms, home schoolers, offices.
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geography > North America > Central America > EL SALVADOR < Hispanics and Latinos < social studies
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The Republic of El Salvador, the smallest country located in Central America, is bordered by Honduras to the north-northeast, Guatemala to the north-northwest and the North Pacific Ocean to the south and southwest. Nicaragua is across the Gulf of Fonseca to the southeast. El Salvador is the only Central American country to not have a coastline on the Caribbean Sea.
Ancient ruins of Tazumal and Chalchuapa date pre-Columbian settlement of the El Salvador region. The Spanish conquered the indigenous natives c 1524 and renamed the region El Salvador (The Savior), from Cuscatlan.
El Salvador, known as the “Land of Volcanoes” and “Valley of the Hammocks”, has a narrow Pacific coastal plain and a central plateau separating two parallel mountain ranges the cross the country east to west. The Salvadoran climate is tropical – the rainy season from May to October is considered winter, the dry season is November to April; temperature change is related to elevation rather than seasons. El Salvador is extremely susceptible to hurricanes and has frequent and sometimes very distructive volcanic and earthquake activity.
El Salvador is a democratic republic, its legal system is based on civil, Roman law and common law with a Supreme Court review of legislative acts. Citizens over 18 are granted universal sufferage. The capital of El Salvador is San Salvador. From 1980-1992 El Salvador suffered through a civil war that claimed the lives of about 75,000 people.
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El Salvador - Economic progress is hampered in Central America's smallest nation by the ongoing civil war. Violent conflict between left- and right-wing interests has erupted since the new government of 1980 promised to redistribute the land and to nationalize banks and industry. Tens of thousands have fled this crowded, industrialized nation, driven both by population growth and chaos to search elsewhere for jobs, land, and refuge. El Salvador's highways and rail sytems have suffered particularly from the turmoil, as have the dams and geothermal stations that provide the nation with a self-sufficient power supply. Producers of some of the world's finest coffee, Salvadorans farm all possible land, including the craters of the country's 20 or so volcanoes. (Text and statistics as of 1986.)
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San Salvador, the capital and largest city of El Salvador, is surrounded by volcanoes and prone to earthquakes. San Salvador was founded on April 1, 1525, and the city was relocated several times for more space and access to fertile land.
The native Pipil peoples established Cuzcatlán, their capital, in the area, but abandoned it in an effort to avoid Spanish rule.
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Biosphere: Adaptations & Biodiversity
Poster Text: An adaption is a change in the structure or function of an organism which allows it to thrive within its environment. It may take physical adaptation such as the size or shape of the organism or it way in which its body works. It may also be a change in an animals behavior. Adaptation is produced through the process of natural selection. As the environment changes, organisms that cannot adapt eventually die. Individuals with the ability to adapt produce more successful offspring. These offspring may carry the adaption forward until the whole species contains organisms which are adapted to the new environment.
An organism's environment consists of many important element whcih can influence adaption. Whether the climate is hot, cold, dry or wet will have an effect on all creatures that live in that environment. The presence of predators will also have an effect. Prey animals must learn to defend themselves or become adept at escaping predators.
• more Eco-sphere posters
• Biodiversity & Community Livelihoods in El Salvador
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